Active application number us687,436 other versions us203979a1. Energy absorption of structures and materials energy absorption of structures and materials guoxing lu and tongxi yu. An example is the pomelo fruit citrus maxima with a unique spongy mesocarp layer that can dissipate energy of 80 j from free fall tests without leading to. However, as a subclass of cellular solids, lattice structures are quite 92 new materials for blast, ballistic and impact protection applications, and ex 93 perimental and numerical studies on the dynamic response of such materials 94 are very limited. Predictive technology development and crash energy. Arnold abstract lasers provide the ability to accurately deliver large amounts of energy into con. Based on the rigid perfectplastic material and axisymmetric folding assumptions. Characterize such materials by measuring their mechanical properties. Pdf the crash energy absorption of the vehicles front. Materials free fulltext novel negative poissons ratio. Using microscopic uniaxial compressive tests, the specific energy absorption is quantitatively evaluated and compared with the epoxyair and carbonair precursors. Relationship between mechanicalproperty and energy. Purchase energy absorption of structures and materials 1st edition.
Please refrain from using free email accounts when ordering e. The main focus was on improvement of crush energy absorption of structures in rail passenger cars. The use of sorbothane is the best protection against damage, loss, and injury due to unwanted energy. The ratio of transmitted energy to incident energy is defined as acoustic transmissibility lee et al. Recent advances in the sound insulation properties of bio. Novel twophoton absorbing dendritic structures chemistry. Energy absorption in lattice structures in dynamics experiments free download as pdf file. Nov 29, 2018 lattice structures, as multifunctional materials, provide a relatively low density accompanied by high strength, energy absorption, and heat conduction capabilities, which have potential applications in the aerospace, automobile, and biomedicine fields 1,2,3,4. Energy absorption in lattice structures in dynamics. Deformation behavior and energy absorption capability of. I jdgers equation, which is convenient for use, is 4 avst e eek t 4a 4 avs. The application of energy absorbing structures on side impact.
Impact mechanics and highenergy absorbing materials. Energy absorption of structures and materials semantic scholar. While metallic structures loaded in compression collapse by buckling andor folding in an accordiontype fashion involving extensive local plastic deformation, composite. Energy absorption of structures and materials 1st edition elsevier.
In nature, plants and animals offer many excellent structures with low density, high strength and high energy absorption capacities that can inspire the design of novel structures with remarkable energy absorption, as shown in fig. The energy absorption and post crushing integrity of hybrid composite tubes were not significantly better than that of the single material tubes. Energy absorption of structures and materials pdf free. The application of energy absorbing structures on side. Energy absorption article about energy absorption by the. Mimicking bioinspired structures from animals and plants for energy absorption application is a promising avenue for replacing conventional structures in future. Design and certification of a composite thinwalled. Experimental investigation of energyabsorption characteristics of components of sandwich structures s. In order to maximise the freedom in creation of potentially complex. Env 7707190 and pfr 8002582 department of civil engineering university of illinois at urbanachampaign urbana, illinois july 1982. Energy absorption of structures and materials ebook, 2003. Energy absorption of structures and materials energy absorption of structures and materials wierzbicki, t 20040801 00. Twophoton absorption of a series of vshape molecules.
Energy absorption an overview sciencedirect topics. Improved mechanical properties and energy absorption of. Particularly, the practical research for the relationship between the specific energy absorption and bulk modulus of a 3d periodic cellular materials is the main concern. The kinetic energy absorbed can modify the design of some component to avoid passengers injury or damage in the surrounding structures.
The area of crashworthiness engineering has enjoyed an unprecedented growth over the past 2 decades. This process creates a film of the adsorbate on the surface of the adsorbent. Mankame, said, the ability to realize the energy absorption offered by pxcms at various length scales makes it possible for engineers to integrate energy absorption as a secondary function into structures that are already in use. Lattice structures offer the potential to relatively easily engineer specific mesoscale properties cell level, to produce desirable macroscale material properties for a wide variety of engineering applications including wave filters, blast and impact protection systems, thermal insulation, structural aircraft and vehicle components, and body implants. I will present adaptive energyabsorbing materials with extreme energy dissipation and improving energy absorption with increasing strain rate by the interplay of nonlinear behaviors of materials and structures. Those materials were chosen because of their high thermal shock resistance or their great capability in energy absorption. This process differs from absorption, in which a fluid the absorbate is dissolved by or permeates a liquid or solid the absorbent, respectively.
The carbonepoxy material demonstrates extremely high specific energy absorption up to 720 kjkg and sheardominant interphase interactions from the interlocked hard carbon and soft epoxy phases. Adsorption is the adhesion of atoms, ions or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid to a surface. The materials and structures using sound absorption and. Typical values for this quantity are given in table 5. I jdgers equation, which is convenient for use, is 4. Reliable information about the coronavirus covid19 is available from the world health organization current situation, international travel. It will be in the interest of improved safety to usefully couple these materials with other materials which when crushed have a lower initial peak load but not necessarily a high energy absorption capability.
The study of natural fiber reinforcement composite structures has focused the attention of. Either the energy is absorbed directly by the aircraft structure by ductile deformation through the selection of appropriate skin materials e. Mc gehee, experimental investigation of parameters and materials for fragmenting tube energy absorption process, nasa tn d3268, february 1966. High resolution simulations of energy absorption in. Most side impacts can be classified into two types, cartobroadobject and. Understanding of energy absorption of structures and materials is important in calculating the damage to structures caused by accidental collision, assessing the residual strength of structures after initial damage and in designing packaging to protect its contents in the event of impact. Oclcs webjunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle coronavirus. This paper focuses on the absorption tion phenomenon of and insula biobased materials. Last, a predictive model on stiffness behavior and energy return was developed to facilitate a systematic way to select optimal densities of the su lattice structure for energyabsorbing applications. Article information, pdf download for development of a corrugated test. The absorption of sound by materials sabine conducted an extended series of fundamental experiments that justified his theory. Energy absorption in lattice structures in dynamics experiments.
Apr 19, 2016 cellular materials have potential application as absorbers of energy generated by high velocity impact. Energy absorption of structures and materials request pdf. Mechanical properties and energy absorption characteristics of. The knowhow of energy absorption behavior is an important part for material option and design of energy absorbers, crashworthiness and failure assessment of structures subjected to collisions. In the past years, there has been an unremitting pursuit of lighter and safer energyabsorbing structural elements in the automotive body. Predictive technology development and crash energy management. Light fixed and rotary wing aircraft crashworthiness, milstd1290 january 1974. Seismic energy absorption in simple structures by t. A number of us, including the two distinguished authors of this book, participated very actively in the developments of various methods and solutions applicable to the main theme of the book. We utilize energy dissipation mechanisms across different length scales by utilizing architected liquid crystalline elastomers. Chapter 4 fundamentals of lasermaterial interaction and. Us8579073b2 acoustic energy absorption metamaterials. Adsorption is a surface phenomenon, while absorption involves.
Many emerging materials like aluminum, magnesium and fiberreinforced composites, that play an increasingly important role in the transportation, defense and construction industries, suffer from low intrinsic energy dissipation. Lattice structures, as multifunctional materials, provide a relatively low density accompanied by high strength, energy absorption, and heat conduction capabilities, which have potential applications in the aerospace, automobile, and biomedicine fields 1,2,3,4. However, due to the micro unit size and complex internal configurations, conventional manufacturing techniques with. Experimental investigation of energy absorption characteristics of components of sandwich structures s. The best energy absorbing material is the one which has the longest plateau and absorbs the most energy before reaching the densification strain. Side impact protection, racing car, energy absorption, sandwich composites, structures 1. Energy absorbing sacrificial structures made of composite. Numerous and frequentlyupdated resource results are available from this search. An overview of the course and an introduction to the topic is given in this session. Ur is important in selecting materials for energy storage such as springs. As these various types of forces impact your machinery, materials, products, and workers, they transfer energy to the impacted entitys. Chapter 4 fundamentals of lasermaterial interaction and application to multiscale surface modi. Last, a predictive model on stiffness behavior and energy return was developed to facilitate a systematic way to select optimal densities of the su lattice structure for energy absorbing applications.
Not least of these is the development of high energy absorbing. Specific energy absorption is defined as the energy absorbed per unit mass of material. A very simple example of this type of device is a rod or wire which is extended plastically by a tensile force. Other forms of the equation have been developed by franklin, jdger,t buckingham,f and eckhardt. Energy absorption of tubular structures a thesis the. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed. Although our understanding of the energy absorption properties of composite materials has advanced significantly over the last 20 years, there would still appear to be a number of concerns which are imposing limitations upon their widespread adoption in crashworthy structures.
The rigid plates have asymmetric shapes, with a substantially straight edge at the attachment to said elastic membrane, so that the rigid plate establishes a cell having a predetermined mass. Investigation of highvelocity projectile penetrating. Energy absorption of structures and materials 1st edition. Metal foams for improved crash energy absorption in passenger. Apr 16, 2020 energy absorption is almost equal to the bcc lattice and 20% better than eva foam. Cth, a sandia national laboratories code which allows very severe strains to be simulated, has been used to perform very high resolution simulations showing the dynamic crushing of a series of twodimensional, stainless steel metal structures with varying architectures. In the last years, further steps were performed to study the energy absorption in natural fiber composites. Design and build structural tubes of various configurations using the above materials and perform quasistatic and dynamic crush tests to assess their energy absorption.
Improved energy absorption characteristics based on elastic. However, due to the micro unit size and complex internal configurations. The energy absorption capability of structures that are made of such base materials can be increased by. The brittle failure modes of many polymeric composite materials can make the design of energyabsorbing structures difficult.
The goal of this project was to identify and demonstrate specific applications for aluminum foam in high speed rail equipment. Improved mechanical properties and energy absorption of bcc. Overall, biological materials and structures exhibit extraordinary energy absorption capacity and provide inspiration for the design of new energy absorbers. The investigated models are reinforced using different layers combinations of several materials such as ceramics, fiber composite, polymer and metal. Metal foams for improved crash energy absorption in. The cellular materials with optimized bulk modulus are expected to have merits for use in energy absorption applications. Energy absorption capacity in natural fiber reinforcement. Introduction side impact accidents may result in severe injuries to the vehicle occupants. In this paper, three types of novel lattices with negative poissons ratio are proposed to improve not only stiffness and strength but also energy absorption capacity by embedding different ribs into a classic reentrant structure. This important study focuses on the way in which structures and materials can be best designed to absorb kinetic energy in a controllable and predictable manner. Such bicontinuous nanocomposites are a new type of structural metamaterial with designed cell topology and mechanical anisotropy.
We report on the mechanical behavior of an interpenetrating carbonepoxy periodic submicrometerscale bicontinuous composite material fabricated following the design principles deduced from biological composites. Hall a technical report of research supported by the national science foundation under grant nos. Although structural collapse occurred by a fracture failure mode, the specific energy absorption was higher than that of high strength metal tubes which col lapsed by buckling, over a wide range of tube geometries td ratios, provided that the correct. Supportless lattice structures for energy absorption. The prediction of damage to structures caused by accidental collision whether to automobiles, offshore installations or simply the packaging around an electrical appliance is a crucial factor in their design. The maximum loads applicable to the ac structure and overhead stowage compartment ohsc could be reduced using the described energy absorbing force limiters.
Sorbothane, it is the most efficient energy absorbing material on the market. Energy absorption is almost equal to the bcc lattice and 20% better than eva foam. Energy absorption of structures and materials, international. This energy is what causes damage to metal machine parts slamming together, cartons of product that are jostled when a transporter hits a. Development of a corrugated test specimen for composite. Energy absorption of structures and materials pdf free download. Deformation behavior and energy absorption capability of polymer and ceramicpolymer composite microlattices under cyclic loading volume 33 issue 3 almut schroer, jeffrey m. Google scholar apparent horizontal shear strength of reinforced plastics by short beam method, astm d 234476, annual book of astm standards part 36, 1976 astm, philadelphia, 1976.
Periodic bicontinuous composites for high specific energy. The weak stiffness and strength of materials with negative poissons ratio limits their application. Published in north america by crc press llc, 2000 corporate blvd, nw boca raton fl 33431, usa first published 2003, woodhead publishing ltd. An acoustic energy absorption metamaterial includes at least one enclosed planar frame with an elastic membrane attached having one or more rigid plates are attached. The crashworthiness of a material is expressed in terms of its specific energy absorption, es, and interlaminar fracture toughness, gic, which are characteristic to that particular material. Design of energyabsorbed structures and materials with graded. Energy absorption of structures and materials by g lu. The present paper describes the fundamental mechanics of the energyabsorption process associated with the crushing of composite materials and structures. The material deformation category includes a wide variety of energy absorbers which rely on the deformation of materials for the absorption of energy.
The crash energy absorption of the vehicles front structures article pdf available in transport 182. Energy absorption of structures and materials energy absorption of structures and materials guoxing lu and tongxi yu cambridge england published by woodhead publishing limited, abington hall, abington cambridge cb1 6ah, england. Published in north america by crc press llc, 2000 corporate blvd, nw boca raton fl 33431, usa first published 2003, woodhead publishing. Energyabsorbing materials and structures when it comes to energy absorption in a dynamic load case, two general options are possible for structural design and structural performance. Energy absorbing materials and structures when it comes to energy absorption in a dynamic load case, two general options are possible for structural design and structural performance. Innovative energyabsorbing materials have potential uses. The proposed energy absorbing method is based on the composite of porous materials and elastic polymer materials.
Energy absorption, dumbbellshaped tube, thinwalled structure, lateral impact. Aug 01, 2004 energy absorption of structures and materials the area of crashworthiness engineering has enjoyed an unprecedented growth over the past 2 decades. Energy absorption of composite materials and structures, in. The modulus of toughness is the total energy absorption capabilities of the material to failure and is given by the total area under the. The specific energy absorbed during the axial collapse of a variety of graphite, kevlar and glass fiber composite tubes was determined. In addition, the energy absorption capacity of these materials it is an important issue to be study.
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